广东大豆地方种质磷效率特性研究　Ⅰ.大豆基因型磷效率特性差异及其与土壤有效磷含量的关系

STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOSPHORUS EFFICIENCY OF SOYBEAN NATIVE GERMPLASM IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE Ⅰ. DIFFERENCES OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES IN CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOSPHORUS EFFICIENCY AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHOSPHORUS EFFICIENCY AND CONTENT OF SOIL

在低磷红壤上，对原产广东省的大豆（Glycinemax（L．）Merrill）基因型磷效率与其来源地土壤有效磷含量的关系进行研究。结果表明：植株磷素吸收量相对值（RVPPU）不仅可以反映大豆对低磷红壤生长适应性，而且可以反映大豆基因型磷效率特性，RVPPU是衡量田间生长适应性和磷效率特性的较好指标。RVPPU较大的大豆基因型，其对低有效磷红壤环境适应性较好，磷效率特性较佳；反之，亦然。不同大豆基因型，具有不同的磷效率特性。磷效率特性的形成与土壤有效磷含量有关。土壤中低有效磷含量与较佳的磷效率特性形成有关，长期生长在有效磷含量较低的砖红壤、赤红壤、红壤和紫色土上的大豆基因型具有较佳的磷效率特性；而长期生长在有效磷含量较高的水稻上、潮土上的大豆基因型其磷效率特性较差。大豆基因型较佳的磷效率特性是其长期在低有效磷土壤环境下进化形成的。

Studies on phosphorus efficiency of native soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) genotypes in Guangdong and relationship between phosphorus efficiency and content of soil available phosphorus of original region were conducted in low-phosphorus red soil.Results are as follows:(1) The field growing performance under low--phosphorus acidic red soil and the phosphorus efficiency of soybean genotypes can be explained better with Relative Value of Plant Phosphorus Uptake (RVPPU)as an index. The higher the RVPPU of soybean genotypes is, the better the field growing Performance and the phosphorus efficiency are, and vice versa.(2) Genetic variability in respect to phosphorus efficiency exists within soybean genotypes from different native region. As compared with those from paddy soil and fluvo-aquatic soil with higher content of soil available phosphorus, soybean genotypes from latosol, lateritic soil, red soil and purple soil with lower availability of soil phosphorus have better characteristics of phosphorus efficiency in native regional soil where they had evolved for a long bine.