基于G-四链体结构多态性的核酸纳米技术

DNA Nanotechnology Based on Polymorphic G-Quadruplex

G-四链体是由富G核酸形成的独特四链螺旋结构,区别于遵循A-T、G-C碱基互补配对原则形成的传统Watson-Crick双链结构。基于G-四链体的特异分子识别特性,能够引导纳米粒子的有序组装、赋予纳米器件以刺激-响应功能,使得核酸纳米技术领域的内容更丰富多样。本文介绍了G-四链体的结构多态性,从纳米材料组装和纳米器件设计两个方面综述了基于G-四链体结构转变的核酸纳米技术,并对其研究前景进行了展望。

Guanine（G）-rich oligonucleotides can self-assemble into polymorphic G-quadruplexes via stacking of G-quartets which are a biologically relevant alternative of the classical Watson-Crick double helix.Unique molecular recognition properties of G-quadruplex can be utilized to induce orderly organizing of nanoparticles and design nanodevices with stimulu-response functions,which have promising applications in DNA nanotechnology.This article introduced the polymorphism of G-quadruplexes and reviewed the DNA nanotechnology based on structural transition of G-quadruplex,especially focusing on nanomaterials self-organization and nanodevices design,and then illustrated the prospects of its development trend.