论以个体欲望为动力的市场经济之有效性与有限性

Discussion on the Effectiveness and Limit of Market Economy with Motive Force of Individual Desire

若从社会分工的视角出发,剖析社会分工和分工体系下合作之间的相互关系,即可将市场经济看作是分工体系下一种合作机制和动力机制。这种动力机制,最大的特色就在于以私有产权保护为基础,通过刺激个体的欲望,来刺激社会产品的供给和匹配。这虽然会增加社会产品的供应,但是在一定程度上也会扩张人类的欲望,进而带来一系列严重的问题。所以,市场经济虽然是目前比较有效的一种维系人类合作的机制,但是并不是社会分工体系下的终极合作机制。人类社会还需要继续寻求更为有效的动力机制,来实现社会效率与稀缺性之间的恰当平衡。

From the perspective of social division, making analysis on the relations between social labor division and cooperation under labor division system, market economy can be regarded as a mechanism of cooperation and dy- namics. It is based on the private property right protection, stimulating the supply and match of social products by stimulating individual desire. Although it brings an increase in social supply, to a degree, it will expand man＇s de- sire, and may even cause a series of serious problems. Therefore, market economy is a kind of effective mechanism to maintain the cooperation of human kind, but not the ultimate cooperation mechanism of social division system.