麝香百合‘雪皇后’多倍体诱导

Polyploidy induction in Lilium longiflorum 'Snow Queen'

以麝香百合(Lilum longiflorm)杂种系‘雪皇后’的试管苗为材料,在离体培养条件下,比较了秋水仙素附加2%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)对叶片和丛生苗的诱导作用效果。结果表明:叶片以0.05%的秋水仙素和2%DM-SO处理72 h的诱变效果较好,四倍体率达到了10%。丛生苗以0.02%的秋水仙素和2%DMSO处理48 h较好,四倍体率达到了23.3%。丛生苗的诱导效果明显优于叶片。变异植株形态发生明显改变,四倍体植株气孔的长度和宽度与二倍体相比有明显差异。通过根尖染色体计数法最终确定变异植株的倍性。

The seedlings of Lilium longiflorum hybrids ＇Snow Queen＇ were used as materials.In vitro culture conditions,the mutagenic effects of different concentrations,different time of colchicine supplemented with 2% dimethyl sulfoxide（DMSO） to leaves and cluster of seedlings were compared.The results showed that the highest induction frequency（10%） was achieved with colchicine at 0.05% and DMSO at 2% for 72 h to the leaves,but to the cluster seedlings,the treatment with colchicine at 0.02% and DMSO at 2% for 48 h yielded the best mutation rate（23.3%）.It indicated that the mutagenic effect of seedlings was better than that of leaves.The morphology of variant plants was changed obviously.Compared to the diploid plants,the length and width of stomatal guard cells of tetraploid plants were significantly different.The polidy level of variant plants was finally determined by the root tip chromosome counting.