多花野牡丹幼苗动态生命表

Dynamic life table of seedling of Melastoma affine

多花野牡丹(Melastoma affine)为两性花、异型雄蕊类型,为探究异型雄蕊生物学功能差异对幼苗适合度的影响,本试验采用动态生命表方法,研究7种授粉方式对多花野牡丹结实及幼苗的动态生命过程。结果表明:种子的出苗率与千粒重无密切关系。自然授粉萌发率(92.5%)和出苗率(88.0%)最高,紫红色花药授粉在萌发率、出苗率和出苗高峰期都高于或早于黄色花药。在幼苗存活率指标上,黄色花药高于紫色花药。幼苗的综合适合度顺序为:自然传粉>同株异花紫红色花药授粉>异株黄色花药授粉>黄色花药自花授粉>异株紫红色花药授粉>同株异花黄色花药授粉>紫红色花药自花授粉。自花、异花的异型雄蕊花粉对后代的影响不同,自然混合花粉授粉表现出强烈的多父本效应。

Melastoma affine is bisexual flower and heteranthery.To explore the effect of differentiation of biological function on seedlings fitness,this paper discusses the dynamic life course of seeds and seedlings of seven kinds of pollination way of M.affine with dynamic life table method.The result showed that the emergence percentage had no close relation with 1 000-grain weight.Natural pollination yielded the highest germination rate（92.5%） and the emergence percentage（88.0%）.The germination rate,emergence percentage,and emergence peak of purple anther were higher or earlier than that of yellow anther,but the rate of seedling survival of purple anther was lower than that of yellow anther.The general adaptability of seedlings followed the sequence：natural pollinationcross-pollinaton of purple anther in one plant〉cross-pollination of yellow anther of different plants〉self-pollination of yellow anther〉cross-pollination of purple anther of different plantscross-pollination of yellow anther of one plant〉self-pollination of purple anther.In conclusion,the pollens of heteranthery of self and cross pollination had different effects on the offspring.Mixed natural pollination pollen showed strong multi paternal effect.