基底静脉的应用解剖与标志

APPLIED ANATOMY AND MARKER OF BASAL VEIN OF ROSENTHAL

目的测量基底静脉的解剖结构,以便为术中分辨这条静脉提供标志。方法观察研究15例灌注乳胶的成人尸头（30侧）。于中脑的前缘、外侧膝状体、中脑外侧沟处测量基底静脉和小脑幕切迹之间的直线距离。结果所有标本左右侧基底静脉均有注入位置、直径上的差别。在外侧膝状体处,基底静脉和大脑后动脉之间的距离为（4.998±1.465）mm。基底静脉大多位于大脑后动脉的上内侧,附于中脑的外侧,直径1.2-3.8 mm。基底静脉大多注入大脑大静脉。在中脑外侧面的前缘、外侧膝状体、中脑外侧沟处基底静脉到小脑幕切迹的平均直线距离分别为（9.434±0.754）、（4.998±1.465）、（6.644±2.155）mm。结论基底静脉和中脑、小脑幕切迹的距离、位置关系相对恒定。本文数据有助于外科医生在基底静脉周围操作时,避免损伤这一重要结构。

Objective To study the anatomy of basal vein of Rosenthal（BV） in order to provide the landmarks for identifying this structure at surgery. Methods Fifteen latex-injected adult cadaveric brains were used for the study.The linear distance between BV and tentorial notch incisura was measured from the anterior border of midbrain,lateral geniculate body,and the sulcus lateralis mesencephali. Results Differences of position and diameter of BV were noted between the two sides.The distance between the BV and posterior cerebral artery at the lateral geniculate body was（4.998±1.465） mm.Most of the BV,1.2-3.8 mm in diameter,located at super-medial to the posterior cerebral artery along the lateral aspect of midbrain,most of them drained into great cerebral vein of Galen.In front of sulcus lateralis mesencephali,the mean linear distances from tentorial edge to BV,from the anterior border to BV and from the lateral geniculate body to BV were（9.434±0.754）,（4.998±1.465）,and（6.644±2.155） mm,respectively. Conclusion The distances between the BV and midbrain,and the tentorial incisura are relatively constant.The data obtained of this study will help surgeons avoid injury to this important structure at surgery.