鲜黄瓜抗挤压性能与预紧包装方法

Compression Resistance and Pre-tightened Packing Method of Fresh Cucumber

叙述了鲜黄瓜在静载荷下的损伤和变形试验,并介绍黄瓜的包装方法。试验表明:鲜黄瓜表面受坚硬物体的挤压时容易发生损伤,其抗压能力与直径正相关。鲜黄瓜具有蠕变记忆特性,变形与时间呈非线性关系。蠕变的方向在加载和减载两种情况下相反,加载时发生正蠕变,减载时发生负蠕变。鲜黄瓜在包装时按照体长和果重分级,整齐码放装箱以致受力均匀。除了采取降温和保湿的措施外,在瓜体与箱体相接触处,应当垫敷柔软缓冲材料,并适当加压预紧,防止运输中瓜体因振动跳跃而相互摩擦碰伤。

This paper is presenting the test on the damage and deformation of fresh cucumber under static load and discussing the packing method of cucumbers.The test result shows that the cucumber appears the damage easily on its surface when compressed by the hard object.The compression resistance of the fresh cucumber is significantly correlative to its diameter.Fresh cucumber has the characteristic of creep deformation memory and its deformation appears the non-linear relation with the time.With the load being up and down,it shows totally different directions of the cucumber creep deformation.When the load up,the creep deformation is positive.When the load down,the creep deformation is negative.The fresh cucumbers are assorted by their length and weight while packing and arranged in order in the packing box for averaging the force.Besides lowering the temperature and preserving the moisture,the soft cushion material should be placed between the cucumbers and the package box and pre-tightened with an appropriate pressure,in order to avoid the fiction hurt caused by the vibration of the cucumbers.