犬颜面复合组织移植及皮肤附属器变化的观察

Study on the changes of skin and appendages of hemifacial composite tissue allotransplantation in canines

目的建立犬颜面部复合组织移植实验动物模型,进一步研究组织瓣移植后皮肤及附属器的变化。方法用3只杂种犬进行解剖学研究,观察犬头颈部动静脉血管的走行、大小及变异情况。2只比格犬作异体移植[免疫抑制剂使用环孢素A(Cs-A)和强的松],术后70、100 d于移植皮瓣与受体皮肤吻合处取材,光镜和电镜观察皮肤及附件变化。结果犬头颈部血管走行与人极为相似。比格犬术后皮瓣血运良好,无毛发脱落,皮瓣观察窗毛发生长,1例术后4 d见皮瓣红斑,调整Cs-A用量后未再现排斥反应;70、100 d,光镜见附属器较正常增多、结构正常;电镜见毛囊部分线粒体肿胀,汗腺线粒体结构正常,无明显炎性细胞浸润。结论 Cs-A和强的松能有效预防和控制犬颜面移植后排斥反应。移植后皮肤毛囊、皮脂腺和汗腺数量会增多。

Objective To develop an experimental model of facial composite tissue allotransplantation in canine and observe the restore situation of skin appendages for further research. Methods Three mongrel dogs were used for anatomical dissection of the head and neck region to observe the course, size and variation of arteriovenous vascular. Hemifacial composite tissue allograft was performed in two Beagle dogs. Cyclosporine A （Cs-A） and Prednisone （PS） were jointly used as immunosup- pressive protocol. Light microscopy and electron microscopy of transplant skin were conducted at 70 and 100 days. Results Blood vessels of head and neck of canine were similar to those of mankind. The blood supply of the flap was normal and no hair loss occurred. In the flap observation window the hair grew well. At four days postoperatively, immunologic rejection was oc- curred in one Beagle and was addressed by adjusting the dosage of Cs-A and no rejection reoccurred. The optical microscopy re- vealed that the number of the appendages of the flap at 70 days postoperatively was more than that of the normal and the struc- ture of the appendages was similar to that of the normal. Electric microscope showed that mitochondria of some hair follicles swelled but the structure of the mitochondria of the sweat glands and sebaceous gland cells were clear and did not swell. At 100 days postoperatively there was no abnormal appendage structure and no significant inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusion The number of hair follicles together with sebaceous glands and sweat glands after transplantation are more than that of the normal. Cs-A and PS can prevent and control the rejection of the facial composite tissue allograft.