基于“脱钩”模式的低碳城市评价

Low-carbon City's Quantitative Assessment Indicator Framework based on Decoupling model

由于历史及现状等诸多因素,以二氧化碳减排绝对量为基础的低碳城市评价模式并不适用于中国;本研究从经济发展、物质消耗与污染物排放相互关系的视角,以"脱钩"模式为目标层,经济发展、碳排放、污染物排放与经济发展为准则层,CO2排放等8个具体指标为指标层建立低碳城市评价指标体系,定量描述经济发展过程中单位GDP污染物排放降低的态势,进而表征城市发展过程中的经济、资源、环境变化的历史趋势并反映城市低碳建设现状。针对沈阳市的案例研究表明,沈阳市2001年至2008年总体的生态效率与资源利用效率呈现逐渐提高的态势,沈阳市现阶段的低碳城市建设水平处于"相对脱钩"阶段,与目前中国经济宏观发展态势相符合。本研究表明,"脱钩"评价模式可以避免基于污染物总量的评价模式中忽略经济发展因素而产生的片面性,可以表征中国当前经济高速发展前提下的城市低碳建设水平,为目前的"低碳城市"评价方法提供有益尝试。

Due to such factors as Chinese urbanization history and trends,the current low-carbon city which is based on total carbon emission reduction is not suitable to Chinese cases.That＇s why this paper is aimed at developing a new indicator framework to judge Chinese low-carbon cities.Initiated by the dynamics of economic development,material consumption and pollutant emissions,this paper constructs an indicator framework of low-carbon city index of 8 specific criteria with decoupling as the target,and maintenance of economic development and reduction of carbon emission and pollutant emission as principles.By utilizing this model,the urbanization history and low-carbon progress of a city can be easily displayed. This paper conducts a case study in the city of Shenyang.The result indicates： ①CO_2 emission,air pollutant emission and industrial energy consumption are growing dramatically between 2001 and 2008;②eco-efficiency and resource efficiency is increasing along with the rapid economic growth;③based on the empirical analysis,the low-carbon progress of Shenyang is in the ＂decoupling＂ status,which matches the macro trend in China. The research shows that the indicator framework based on ＂decoupling＂ theory can better showcase the low-carbon progress of Chinese cities for it avoids the bias brought by the ignorance of economic growth under the index system based on total carbon emission reduction.Hence,the indicator framework based on decoupling provides an illuminating example of showcasing Chinese low-carbon efforts.