我国部分地区犬狂犬病免疫覆盖率的连续调查

CONTINUAL SURVEILLANCE ON RABIES IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE IN DOG POPULATIONS IN SOME REGIONS OF CHINA

本研究对我国部分城市或地区犬狂犬病的免疫覆盖率进行了连续3年以上的调查,结果显示,所调查的发达城市犬狂犬病免疫覆盖率总体水平有所提高,如深圳和北京已达到或接近70%的有效覆盖率;南方较发达城市的免疫覆盖率为20%~30%,但距离狂犬病免疫覆盖标准（≥70%）相差甚远;农村地区和狂犬病流行的北方城市,狂犬病免疫覆盖率仍很低,甚至不足5%。以上结果反映出,在未实行强制免疫的情况下,我国狂犬病的免疫覆盖率和经济发展水平呈正相关,欠发达城市和农村地区的犬仍未接受有效免疫,无法阻断狂犬病在动物之间传播,不利于我国狂犬病的控制。

More than 3 years of surveillance on rabies vaccination of dog populations has been performed in some cities or regions of China.Results showed that the rabies immunization coverage in dog populations in developed cities,such as Shenzhen and Beijing,has been increased to 70%.The immunization coverage of rabies in less developed cities has approached to 20%～30%,but still far lower than the developed cities.The immunization coverage in rural areas and non-epidemic cities of rabies was very low.The above results demonstrated that the immunization coverage was proportionally related to the economical development status.In addition,the less developed regions remain low immunization coverage of rabies indicative of an epidemic risk which is advantageous for the street virus to spread and transmit among dog populations,and disadvantageous for rabies control.