超声检测颈动脉硬化与心脑血管事件的相关性

Relationship Between Carotid Atherosclerosis Detected by Ultrasonography and Clinical Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Events

目的评价B型超声检测颈动脉粥样硬化的预后价值。方法对100例老年住院患者前瞻性随访五年半。结果随访期间，15例发生非心血管病死亡4例死于急性心肌梗塞，6例发生或再次发生有症状的非致死性脑梗塞，所有10例发生心脑血管事件的患者在进人研究时均显示颈动脉壁的内膜一中层厚度增加；进入研究时颈动脉有斑块及有轻度狭窄（管径减小＞20％）的患者亚组，心脑血管事件发生率均显著高于相应对照组（P分别＜0．025和＜0．005）。结论B型超声检测颈动脉粥样硬化能够预测随后心脑血管事件的发生。

Objective To assess the prognostic value of carotid atherosclerosis detected by B - mode ultrasonography. Methods 100 patients aged 54 to 94 years old were followed up for five and a half years. The ultrasonographic findings were classified into four categories: 1.no atherosclerotic lesion(n=21), 2.intima - media thickening (n=79), 3. plaque (n=49), 4.mild stenosis (n=40; defined as a plaque that obstructed>20% of the lumen diameter). ResultS During the follow-up, fatal acute myocardial infarction and nonfatal symptomatic cerebral infarction were registered in 4 and 6 patients respectively, 15 patients died of a cause other than cardiovascular disease. All the 10 patients developing cardiovascular events had intima- media thickening at the baseline. The incidence of cardiovascular events was significantly higher in patients either with plaque (P<0.025) or with mild stenosis (P<0.005) than those without. Conclusion it is concluded that ultrasonographic detection of carotid atherosclerosis has the power to predict the cardiovascular events.