大脑的学习机制及其对教育的启示

The Brain Mechanism of Learning and Implications for Education

认知神经科学通过将脑成像技术和认知心理学的实验范式结合起来,探索人类的行为的深层机制。大脑作为学习的主要器官,是认识神经科学的主要研究对象。认知神经科学关注学习所激活的脑区、神经回路以及激活的时程,从神经活动的层面上阐述学习的机制。大脑学习机制的阐明可以帮助教育工作者改进教学方法,为教育学奠定科学的基础。认知神经科学还可以提供学习障碍的生物标记,使对问题儿童的早期干预成为可能。

By combining brain imaging techniques and paradigms from cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience focuses on exploring the underlying brain mechanism of human behaviors. The human brain, which is the main organ for leaning, is a primary research subject in cognitive neuroscience. Cognitive neuroscience explores the neural correlate of learning and the time course of neural activation, explains the mechanism of learning in the language of physiology. The knowledge on how the brain learns will help educators to improve their teaching, and lay a scientific foundation for pedagogy. Besides, cognitive neuroscience can identify the biomarkers for children in potential educational risks and make the early interventions possible.