762例儿童呼吸系统变态反应性疾病皮肤点刺试验检查结果分析

Application of skin prick test in children with respiratory allergic disease

目的了解成都地区呼吸系统变态反应性疾病儿童常见过敏原分布情况,为预防和治疗儿童呼吸系统变应性疾病提供科学依据。方法应用ALK公司点刺试液进行皮肤点刺试验,同时应用生理盐水和组胺液进行阴性和阳性对照。结果 762例行皮肤点刺试验,447例皮试阳性,皮试阳性率58.7%。螨(粉尘螨、屋尘螨及热带螨)过敏原皮试阳性率明显高于其他过敏原(检验,P<0.01)。随着年龄增长,呼吸道变态反应性疾病儿童对吸入性变应原更为敏感。哮喘患儿SPT阳性率明显高于非哮喘组患儿。结论儿童呼吸系统变态反应性疾病通常由过敏原诱发,吸入性过敏原为常见过敏原,螨为首要过敏原。过敏原是哮喘发病的重要因素。

Objectjve To evaluate the common allergies in respiratory allergic diseases of children in Chengdu urban districts and to provide the evidence for preventing respiratory allergic diseases.Methods The skin prick tests were undertaken by using the prick reagents of the＂ALK＂company,and histamine hydrogen chloride was used as the positive control and physiologic saline as the negative one.Results The skin prick tests were performed in the 762 cases,447cases were the positive,the positive rate was the 58.7 percent.The positive rate of the skin prick test in the mite allergens is much higher than the other ones（inspection,P0.01）.With age growing,the chi1dren with respiratory allergic disease are more sensitive to inhalant allergens.The positive rate of the skin prick test in the asthmas is much higher than the other ones.Conclusion The allergic diseases usually have been caused by the allergens.The inhalant allergens are the common allergens.The mite allergens are the first ones in them.The allergens are the main factor causing asthma.