考虑库容与订货批量约束的(R,Q)策略优化

Optimization of (R,Q) policy with capacity and order quantity constraints

受订货批量和库容限制的购买商向单供应商采购单种产品,以其相邻两次订货间单位时间期望总成本最小为目标建立(R,Q)策略优化模型.针对均匀分布需求给出求解方法,结合算例从资源约束、成本参数及需求特征3个方面进行敏感性分析.将随机需求与资源约束下的安全库存与订货批量进行联合优化,克服已有(R,Q)策略研究将一定时期随机需求期望值默认为最优采购总量,并由此计算订货费、货物成本及缺货成本的不足,可为供应商的选择提供依据。

A buyer faced with order quantity and capacity constraints purchases a product from a supplier.A （R,Q） policy optimization model is developed to minimize the buyer’s total expected cost per unit time between two successive orders.A solution is proposed for the model when the demand is uniformly distributed,and thus sensitivity analysis of the resource constraints,cost parameters and demand characteristics is performed through some numerical examples.This work optimizes integratedly safety stock and order quantity under circumstances of stochastic demand and resource constraints,makes up for the shortcoming of published literatures on （R,Q） policy that they acquiesce in that the optimal total purchase quantity is the expected value of stochastic demand in a certain period and thus calculates the order cost,product cost and shortage cost,and can provide basis for supplier selection in the above-mentioned circumstances.