荆门市常见传染病季节性分布特征动态分析

Dynamic analysis for the seasonal distribution of common infectious diseases in Jingmen

目的分析荆门市常见传染病发病的季节性分布特征与流行规律,为制定和调整传染病的防制策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用集中度和圆形分布法进行季节性分析,按照控制图法预警模型原理,对2000-2009年的分月发病情况进行评价。结果荆门市常见传染病中乙型脑炎有严格的季节性,麻疹、疟疾有明显的季节性,痢疾、伤寒有一定的季节性,甲型病毒性肝炎、肺结核、乙型病毒性肝炎、淋病季节性较差;麻疹、疟疾、痢疾的季节性呈逐年降低下降趋势,发病高峰日呈逐年提前趋势;麻疹、梅毒的发病态势不稳定。结论针对不同传染病的季节性分布特征需采取不同的控制措施。

Objective To analyze the seasonal distribution of common infectious diseases in Jingmen,so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation and adjustment of the control strategies and measures for infectious diseases. Methods Concentration ratio and circular distribution methods were applied in seasonal analysis.According to the principle of control chart in early-warning model,the monthly epidemic situation in recent 10 years in Jingmen was statistically analyzed. Results In terms of infections＇ seasonal characteristics in Jingmen,Japanese encephalitis was strictly seasonal,measles and malaria was obviously seasonal distributed,while dysentery and typhoid were somewhat seasonal,and hepatitis A,tuberculosis,hepatitis B,gonorrhea and syphilis were not obvious.There was a downward trend in the seasonal distribution of measles,malaria and dysentery,but the time of their peak was brought forward in advance.The incidence of measles and syphilis were instable. Conclusions According to the different seasonal distribution characteristics of infectious diseases,different control measures should be adopted.