元阳哈尼梯田景观稳定性评价

EVALUATION ON LANDSCAPE STABILITY OF YUANYANG HANI TERRACE

(元阳)哈尼梯田景观是云南亚热带山地农业景观的独特代表,具有世界自然文化遗产价值。同时,它又是哈尼族人生存和生产的核心场所,其稳定与否,直接关系到区域社会经济的可持续发展。从梯田景观垂直格局特征、景观格局变化等因素综合评价了近30年来元阳哈尼梯田景观的稳定性。结果表明:在研究时段内,元阳梯田景观基本稳定。其中,"森林-村庄-梯田-河流"四位一体的垂直空间结构形成了梯田景观内独特的能量和物质流动,是保证哈尼梯田景观稳定的前提条件;元阳哈尼梯田景观结构及类型的变化也说明其在研究时段内,景观结构是相对稳定的,从而形成了元阳哈尼梯田农业景观的稳定性。

Hani terrace landscape in Ailao Mountain（Yuanyang）is a unique representative example of subtropical mountainous agricultural landscape in Yunnan Province.It has the value of World Natural and Cultural Heritage.The landscape stability of the Yuanyang terrace is comprehensively analyzed through the terrace landscape vertical pattern characteristic,the internal structure variation of the landscape,and the function of the ecological system.The findings indicate that in the period of the research,the Yuanyang terrace landscape was basically stable;＂Forest-village-terrace-river＂ structure,a four-in-one vertical and spatial structure forms the unique flow of energy and matter inside the terrace landscape,which is the premise of the stability of Hani terrace landscape.The findings also show that the Hani forest protection through divine and human power and long-term management for the terrace and the village division,a solution to the increase of population,is a significant factor contributing to ensuring the continuance and the stability of Hani terrace landscape.The forest and terrace ecological subsystem both serve the terrace agricultural landscape,thus forming the mechanism of stability for the Hani terrace landscape.