水合物法净化酸性天然气的工艺探讨

Discussion on the process for sour natural gas purification by hydrate formation

天然气中H2S、CO2、有机硫化合物等酸性组分的存在,不仅会造成金属腐蚀、环境污染,还会影响天然气的输送、加工和使用。对酸性天然气进行净化处理,使其满足商品气或管输气的质量要求,是天然气资源利用的一个重要环节。气体水合物相平衡研究表明,单组分CH4、CO2、H2S气体及(CH4+H2S+CO2)三元体系在纯水中生成水合物的条件存在显著差异,可利用水合物的生成过程逐一脱除酸性天然气中的H2S和CO2。基于此,提出了一种利用水合分离技术处理酸性天然气的新工艺,以优化流程、降低能耗、提高酸性组分的脱除效率。

The existence of acidic components such as H2S,CO2 and organic sulfides in natural gas would not only cause metal erosion and environmental contamination,but would also impair the natural gas transportation,processing and usage.The purification of sour natural gas to meet the commodity gas quality requirement or pipeline gas soecification is an important stage for natural gas utilization.The phase equilibrium data of gas hydrates from the literatures showed that the hydrate formation conditions of unitary gases of CH4,CO2 and H2S,and ternary gases of CH4-H2S-O2 in pure water were obviously different,so H2S and CO2 in natural gas could be separately removed by forming hydrates.Based on that,a novel process for purification of sour natural gas using hydrate formation is proposed to optimize the process,reduce the energy consumption and improve removal efficiency of the acidic components in natural gas.