舰载机起落架缓冲性能设计优化

Design optimization on shock absorbing performance of carrier-based aircraft landing gear

为提高舰载机起落架的缓冲性能,采用多体系统仿真和多目标参数优化协同仿真分析相结合的方法,以iSIGHT为设计和仿真平台,在优化参数的同时调用多体系统仿真软件进行仿真分析.对前起落架缓冲系统进行受力分析,用MSC Adams/Aircraft建立某型舰载机起落架落震功能虚拟样机,实现可循环迭代求解落震质量的优化;考虑舰载机与陆基飞机起落架缓冲器之间不同的设计要求,以缓冲器效率最大和轴向力最小为优化目标,以缓冲器油针截面积为设计变量,在iSIGHT中集成MSC Adams/Aircraft进行优化仿真,得出油针的最佳截面积,并分析油针形状对起落架缓冲性能的影响.优化结果表明:在飞机下沉速度等于6 m/s时,起落架缓冲器效率提高21.94%,最大轴向力减小24.90%;在飞机下沉速度等于4.5 m/s或3.05 m/s时,起落架都具有良好的缓冲性能.

To improve the shock absorbing performance of carrier-based aircraft landing gear,iSIGHT is taken as a design and simulation platform with combining multi-body system simulation and multi-objective parameter optimization co-simulation analysis,and the parameters are optimized while the multi-body system simulation software is called for simulation and analysis.The stress analysis on shock absorbing system of nose landing gear is performed,and the falling vibration mass solving with the loop-iteration method is optimized by a virtual prototype of falling vibration of landing gear,which is established by MSC Adams/Aircraft for a carrier-based aircraft.Considering the different design requirements of the landing gear shock absorbers between carrier-based aircraft and land-based aircraft,the optimization simulation is performed by MSC Adams/Aircraft which is integrated into iSIGHT with the maximum efficiency and minimum axial force of shock absorber as optimization objectives and thesectional area of pin as design variable.Then the optimal sectional area of pin is obtained,and the effect of pin shape on shock absorbing performance of landing gear is analyzed.The optimization results indicate：when the sinking velocity of aircraft is 6 m/s,the shock absorbing efficiency and the maximumaxial force are improved by 21.94% and decreased by 24.90% respectively;when the sinking velocity ofaircraft is 4.5 m/s or 3.05 m/s,the landing gear features good shocking absorbing performance.