国内外饭店职业经理人研究综述

Reviews on Professional Managers of Hotel Industry at Home and Abroad

我国对饭店职业经理人的研究从理论到实践两个方面都滞后于市场经济发达国家。中外职业经理人出现的经济背景和社会条件不同,研究的关注点差别较多。国外的研究最早关注于经理人角色、继而关注总经理的管理能力、经理人职业路径、经理人与雇主关系、经理人薪酬体系和经理人胜任力模型等。国内的研究则关注于饭店职业经理人界定、能力与素质、市场化问题、队伍建设与发展,近两年才出现饭店职业经理人角色研究。同时,在研究方法上还存在着以宏观研究为主,微观研究不足,定性研究较多,定量研究不够,研究方法单一,缺少对相关理论的系统研究和集合的问题。国内外研究者在研究内容、层次、视角上的差异,其实质反映了饭店职业经理人生存与发展的环境差异,即市场经济成熟度的差异。

In China,the research on hotel professional manager is behind the countries with developed market economy from theory to practice.Due to different economic background and social condition for professional managers at home and abroad,there are great differences in research concerns.Foreign research focuses on managers＇ role at the beginning,and then turns to the general managers＇ management ability,managers＇ career path,the relationship between managers and employers,the managers＇ salary system and competent model,etc.While,the research at home emphasizes the hotel professional managers＇ definition,ability and quality,marketization,and staff construction and development,and the research on managers＇ role appears in recent two years.In addition,in research methods,we have some shortcomings,such as valuing macro-research while lacking micro-research,much qualitative but less quantitative research,simple research methods,and lack of systematic research and collection on relevant theories.In brief,the differences in research content,level,and angle at home and abroad reflect the differences in hotel professional managers＇ environment of survival and development,namely,the differences in maturity of market economy.