121例儿童支原体肺炎临床分析

Clinical analysis of mycoplasma pneumoniae in 121 cases of children

目的探讨支原体肺炎的临床特点。方法对121例确诊为肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿的临床特点进行回顾性分析。结果 121例MPP患儿中婴幼儿组、学龄前组及学龄组分别占28.9%,23.1%和47.9%。临床主要表现为发热和持续咳嗽,婴幼儿组咳痰、喘息症状和肺部湿性相对较多,体温相对低;学龄组儿童多表现为中高热,干咳症状重,肺部体征轻(P<0.05)。X线表现多样,以小叶实质浸润和肺段实质浸润常见,婴幼儿和学龄前儿童以小叶实质浸润为主,学龄儿童以肺段实质浸润多见。66例有肺外并发症,累及多个系统。结论 MPP好发于学龄期儿童,婴幼儿发病率有所上升。肺外并发症可累及多个系统,不同年龄组儿童MPP临床特点存在一定差异,血清Mp-IgM检测有助于临床诊断。

Aim To study the clinical characteristics and treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae（MPP）.Methods The clinical characteristics of 121 children with MPP were analyzed retrospectively.Results Infant,preschool and school-age group accounted respectively for 28.9%,23.1% and 47.9% of 121 childrens with MPP.The major clinical characteristics showed fever and persistent coughs.Infants had more wet coughs,wheezings,wet rales and lower fever,school-aged children showed moderate or high fever,severe nonproductive coughs and slight pulmonary signs（P0.05）.Lobular parenchymtoas infiltration and segmental parenchymtous infiltration were commonly found among chest X ray.The majority of the infant or preschool group had more lobular parenchymtoas infiltration.Segmental parenchymtous infiltration of chest X-ray could be found more in school-aged group.There were 66 children with extrapulmonary complications,involving multiple systems.Conclusions The majority of children with MPP are school-aged children.The morbidity of the infants were rising.The extrapulmonary complications could occur in multiple systems.There were differences in clinical characteristics from different age groups.The detection of serum IgM antibodies should be done to help clinical diagnosis.