人物性格特征在中文故事阅读理解中的预期作用

The Predictive Effect of Characteristics of the Protagonist in Chinese Text Comprehension

采用记录阅读时间的方法,考察了读者在中文故事阅读中是否会根据人物性格特征对该人物在特定情境下的行为进行预期推理.三个实验均采用2×2被试内设计.实验一结果表明人物性格特征的预期作用不大.实验二结果表明详述的人物性格特征的预期作用变大了.实验三结果表明,读者通过共振过程从长时记忆中重新激活了人物性格特征对该人物在特定情境下的行为进行了预测.三个实验中均没有出现溢出效应,这可能表明性格特征这类信息缺乏稳定性.

By recording reading time,experiments were carried out to explore readers＇ application of the characteristics of the protagonist to produce the predictive inference about the behavior of the protagonist.2×2 within-subject design was used in three experiments.In experiment 1,the predictive effect of the characteristics was limited.In experiment 2,the elaboration of the characteristics of the protagonist had a greater effect on the production of the predictive inference about the behavior of the protagonist.In experiment 3,the result suggested that readers reactivated the characteristics from the long-term memory and applied them to predict the behavior of the protagonist in a specific circumstance.The spillover effect was not found in three experiments,which was explained by the unsteadiness of the information of the characteristics.