从《侵权责任法》的视角解读医疗知情同意权

From the perspective of tort liability law reading the medical informed consent right

患者知情同意权是维护患者权益、减少医疗纠纷、改善医患关系的关键所在。知情同意权利的本质上属于一种人格权,是人性尊严的基本体现,属于基本人权。基于对患者自主权的尊重,医方必须向患者尽充分的披露义务。向患者披露作为一位理性的患者意欲了解的对患者的医疗决定具有实质性影响的风险和信息,除非存在紧急情形和医疗特权的例外情形。

The informed consent right of patients is the key to uphold the rights and interests of patients, reduce medical disputes and to improve the doctor-patient relationship. Informed consent has an essence attribute that is the right of per- sonality, the basic nature of human dignity, and is a kind of basic human rights. Based on respect for the autonomy of pa- tients, physicians must fulfill their obligations of disclosure to patients. The disclosure includes risks of substantial influ- ence and information to the rational patient decisions, unless some therapeutic exceptions exist such as emergency and medical privilege.