人口老龄化背景下老年人口问题类型演变分析

Analyzing the Changes Related to the Types of Old People Issues under the Background of Ageing Problem

在人口老龄化快速发展的背景下,我国面临着老年人口问题加剧和养老资源非常有限的双重困境。文章根据老年人口需求和解决老年人口问题所需资源,将老年人口问题分为四类:物质问题、照料服务问题、精神慰藉问题和社会参与问题。分析表明,2000年到2030年,我国老年人口问题以物质问题和社会参与尤其是劳动参与问题为主;2030年到2050年,以照料服务问题和精神慰藉问题为主;2050年到2100年是全面提高老年人口的物质、照料服务、精神慰藉和社会参与水平的时期。并简要分析了这一演变对解决老年人口问题的启示。

China is facing the dual plight-the issues of the old are becoming more serious and the resources for solving this problem are very limited under the background of quick development of ageing.According to the old people＇s demand and the resource to solve this problem,the issues of the old people can be classified into four types： the issue of materials,the issue of care,the issue of mental consolation and the issue of social participation.The analysis shows that the types of this problem varied in different periods.From 2000 to 2030,the main types are the issue of materials and of participation,especially the labor participation.From 2030 to 2050,the main types are the issue of care and of mental consolation.From 2050 to 2100,it is the period to raise the quality of the four types of issues.At the end of the paper,an analysis is done of the inspiration from the change of types about the old people.