元代广西土司的设置与分布态势探析

An Analysis of the Establishment and Distribution of Guangxi Tusi in Yuan Dynasty

元代广西土府、土州、土县等土司行政管理机构集中分布于桂西左、右江及红水河流域一带少数民族聚居区,设有土知府、土知州、土知县等职衔,官皆世袭,整个广西西部地区普遍处于土官土司制度的统治之下。这是元代王朝中央从巩固多民族封建国家统一的目的出发,在继承历代王朝尤其是唐宋封建王朝在广西民族地区推行的羁縻统治制度的基础上,因地制宜地采取的一种有别于内地汉族地区的特殊统治方式,是历史的一大进步。元代桂西土司机构的建置及其规范化,是元代广西土司制度正式确立的重要标志,它表明元代王朝中央对西南边陲少数民族地区的管理与控制较之前代趋于强化。

Guangxi Tusi system was established in Yuan dynasty when Tufu,Tuzhou,and Tuxian distributed in Zuo,Youjiang and Hongshuihe,where Tuzhifu,Tuzhizhou and Tuzhixian were established and all these were hereditary. The west of Guangxi was ruled in the Tusi system.It was a ruling way different from Han carried out by Yuan Central China,which was a historic progress.The standardization of Tusi Establishment shows that Dynasty Central reinforced the control and management in southwest minority areas.