新生代农民工文化适应调查研究

Research on the Acculturation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers

基于2010年8月在厦门市对近千名新生代农民工的问卷调查数据,探讨了新生代农民工的文化适应现状。研究发现:(1)总的来说,新生代农民工的文化适应性较强,其中,生产方式的适应性最强,紧接着是价值观念、生活方式和心理归属,而对语言的适应性相对较差;(2)不同特征的新生代农民工其文化适应程度具有显著的差异性,性别、学历、是否是独生子女、是否有务农经验、外出打工时间、每天工作时间、每年工作时间、月消费水平和对工作满意度等对新生代农民工的文化适应具有重要的影响;(3)新生代农民工的文化适应具有惰距的特征,进而导致了市民化路径和村民化路径两种不同的文化适应路径,选择市民化路径、消减新生代农民工文化适应惰距,需要进行制度创新。

Based on the analysis of one thousand questionnaires in Xiamen City in August 2008,which focused on the acculturation of the new generation of migrant workers,it is found that： 1.Generally speaking,the new generation of migrant workers＇ acculturation degree is high,with the mode of production on the top,followed by value,life style and the sense of belonging.However,the adaptation of language is the lowest.2.The degree of adaptation obviously differs among them,because of such factors as gender,education,the number of family members,farming experience,daily and yearly working hours,monthly consumption and work satisfaction.3.There is a big lag in their acculturation,which leads to two different acculturation ways： one is to become the citizen,while the other is to become peasantry.The last part of the paper discusses how to make up the acculturation lag through institutional innovations.