蒙脱石等粘土矿物对重金属离子吸附选择性的实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE SELECTIVE ADSORPTION OF Cu^(2+), Pb^(2+) , Zn^(2+), Cd^(2+),Cr^(3+) IONS ON MONTMORILLONITE,ILLITE AND KAOLINITE AND THE INFLUENCE OF MEDIUM CONDITIONS

矿物质与重金属离子间的相互作用已是当今环境科学、矿物学、土壤化学等学科领域研究的热点。通过蒙脱石、伊利石和高岭石在一定的介质条件下对Cu2+、Ph2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Cr3+五种重金属离子的竞争吸附实验研究，阐明了三种粘土矿物对五种重金后离子的吸附选择性．获脱石对Cr3+、Cu2+有很好的选择性，高岭石和伊利石对Cr3+、Pb2+有较好的亲和力。粘土矿物对重金属离子的吸附选择性受矿物的层电荷分布、重金属离子的水化热、电价、离子半径、有效离子半径等因素控制。

Interactions between minerals and heavy metals are an important aspect of environmen tal science, mineralogy and soil science. Through experimental studies on selective adsorption of Cu2+ .Pb2+, Zn2+ .Cd2+ .Cr3+ ions on montmorillonite. illite and kaolinite at certain conditions, it could be concluded that Cr3+ is most effectively adsorbed on all the three minerals. Also , it can be found that Pb2+ shows a strong affinity for illite and kaolinite while Cu2+ shows a strong affinity for montmorillonite. Based on the adsorption experiment at various pH values of the solution, we can find that the amount of heavy metals adsorbed on minerals tends to increase with increasing pH of the solution.