摘要
通用土壤流失公式已被广泛用于坡地土壤流失量的估算方面， 而此公式中降雨侵蚀性因子 （ Ｒ 值） 与土壤可蚀性因子 （ Ｋ 值） 因地域差异而不同， 必须结合各地和水文与土壤条件进行修正。以云南昭通坝区昭鲁河新泉水文站１０ 年的观测资料为基础， 分析计算了各种降雨参数的单因子和复合因子， 分别与土壤流失量之间的相关关系， 结果表明， 适合于昭通坝区的降雨侵蚀力 Ｒ 指标为Σ Ｅ· Ｉ１５， 昭通坝区年平均降雨侵蚀力 Ｒ 值为 １８４１４。同时， 根据对本区水稻土、紫色土和山地黄壤机械组成和有机碳含量的分析结果， 计算出这些土壤的可侵蚀性因子 Ｋ 值。最后提出， 鉴于本区降雨侵蚀性因子 Ｒ 值和土壤可蚀性因子 Ｋ 值均较高的情况， 应加强地表植被和表土层的保护， 防止水土流失。
The Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE)has been wisely used to estimate soil loss from slopes With regional differences,there are differencesin both the rainfall erosivity factor and the soil erodibilty factor In order to obtain good estimations it is necessary to make proper corrections for different hydrological and edaphic conditions in the Zhaotong basin in northeastern Yunnan The rainfall erosivity factor was calculated based on the observation of Xinquan Hydrological Station on Zhaolu River from 1968 to 1978 Five types of soil in the area were sampled for analysis of soil mechanism and organic carbon to determine the soil erodibilty of different soil types Theresults showed that the rainfall erosivity factor R=ΣE·I 15 was suitable for the Zhaotong basin,and the value of rainfall erosivity factor for this area was 184 14 The values of soil erodibilty of five soil types in this area were higher So it has to pay attention to protect vegetation and surface soil in order to reduce soil loss
出处
《云南地理环境研究》
1999年第2期76-82,共7页
Yunnan Geographic Environment Research
