美国的特别区治理与公共服务提供

Special Districts in the U.S.and Public Service Provision

特别区是美国地方政府中一种独特类别,它们为居民提供单一、专门化的公共服务。随着公共事务日益复杂化,特别区逐渐成为美国最普遍的地方政府形态,通过建立特别区来为公众提供公共产品和服务也成为美国地方治理的一个鲜明特色。了解美国特别区的历史演变、特别区公共服务提供的逻辑原理、它们的功能与性质,以及特别区背后的理论争议,对于我国的公共服务提供具有一定的启发性价值。

Special districts are one type of local governments in the United States,and they provide single and specialized public service in a great variety of policy areas.As public affairs become more and more complicated,special districts have grown into the most popular mode of local governance in the U.S.,and to provide public service by setting up a special district has become a very common way.It gives some instructive value for the thinking of public service delivery in China,that understanding of the historical evolution of the Special districts in the United States,the logic principle,the nature and the function of the Public Service provision,as well as the theory behind the controversy of the Special districts.