塔里木盆地构造特征与油气聚集规律

Jia Chengzao. STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OIL/GAS ACCUMULATIVE REGULARITY IN TARIM BASIN.

塔里木盆地是一个由古生界克拉通盆地和中、新生界前陆盆地组成的大型叠合复合盆地，具有古老陆壳基底和多次沉降隆升的复杂构造演化历史。古生界油气聚集受克拉通古隆起和斜坡构造控制，中、新生界油气聚集受喜马拉雅期逆冲构造控制。此外油气分布还受油气系统、区域盖层、断裂及不整合等因素控制。盆地具有多套烃源岩、多个油气系统、多套储盖组合、油气多源多期多种类型的特点。储集层条件好、天然气资源丰富和整体勘探程度低是在盆地进行油气勘探时不可忽视的三个特点。塔里木盆地已成为我国三大天然气区之一。

Tarim basin is a largesized superposed complex basin composed of Paleozoic cratonic basin and Mesozoic, Cenozoic foreland basin, which possess ancient continental crust basement and complex structural evolution history with multiple subsiding and uplifting. The oil and gas accumulation in Paleozoic was controlled by paleouplift and slope in craton, oil and gas accumulation in Mesozoic and Cenozoic controlled by overthrust structure in Himalayan movement, and moreover, oil and gas distribution controlled by oil/gas system, regional caprock, fault and unconformity. Tarim basin is characterized by several sets of source rock and reservoircaprock assemblages, multiple oil/gas system, and it has advantages of better reservoir condition, rich natural gas resource and lower exploration extent, so it has been one of three largesized natural gas production areas in China with broad exploration prospects.