合作视域中的人类解放——马克思主义合作观的历史维度考察

The Human's Liberation in the Viewpoint of Cooperation Dimension—The Historical Inspection of Marxism's Views About Cooperation

合作,是人类社会的生存方式,是实现由动物向人的转变的前提条件。原始人类通过自发的合作而生存,随着生产力的发展和剩余产品的出现,自发合作的生存方式最终崩溃,人类进入了强制合作社会。强制合作社会的具体形态依次经历奴隶社会、封建社会和资本主义社会。资本主义强制合作社会,只有被改造为联合起来的社会个人的所有制才可能被消灭。工人的合作意识的觉醒是摧毁资本主义强制合作社会的主观条件,以追求一般财富为基础的商品交换所促成的世界范围内的普遍的交往关系则为自由自觉的合作社会奠定了自然的前提。

Cooperation is the way for human survival,as well as the premise condition of the transformation that realized from animals to human.In ancient time,human existed by the way of spontaneous cooperation,with the development of productivity and the emergency of surplus products,the spontaneous cooperation eventually collapsed,human went into the society of coercive cooperation.The society of coercive cooperation embody as three kinds of society form in proper order：Slave society,Feudalist society and Capitalist society.Only it be reformed as the social ownership in which the persons are allied each other,the capitalist society of compulsory cooperation be could eliminated.Awakening of workers＇ cooperation consciousness is the subjective condition that demolishes the capitalist society of compulsory cooperation.The universal relation of contact in the worldwide will lay a foundation for the free and conscious cooperation,which is helped to realize by commodity interchange whose foundation is seeking general wealth.