黑龙江省西部风蚀荒漠化特性与防治技术

The Characteristics and Control Techniques of Wind-induced Desertification in the West of Heilongjiang Province

通过对黑龙江省西部风蚀荒漠化特性的研究,得出在粗糙度(Z0)为0.41cm,0-5cm土壤含水量为3.76%条件下,距地面2m和0.5m的起沙风速分别为6.04m/s和4.69m/s。地表植被盖度与风蚀强度呈负相关关系,盖度越大,风蚀强度越小。在防治技术研究中,轻度风蚀采取植物措施与栽培措施相结合的办法;中度风蚀区采用复合式沙障治理流动式沙丘,网格沙障治理固定沙丘的防治技术研究;重度风蚀区则根据不同类型不同荒漠化程度,采取"前挡后拉",行列式沙障等防治技术,防治效果明显。

The characteristics of wind-induced desertification were studied in west of Heilongjiang Province.The results showed that： the wind speed which could move the sand is 6.04 m/s and 4.69 m/s from the ground 2 m and 0.5 m,under the condition of the roughness of 0.41 cm,3.76% of soil water content in 0-5 cm soil layer.They are negative correlation between vegetation cover strength and wind erosion strength,the greater the coverage is,the smaller wind erosion is.In the research of the prevention and control technology,the adjoint method of plant and cultivation measures are taken to control the mild wind erosion.In moderate wind erosion area,combined type sand barrier was used to control the move of sand dune,and mesh sand barrier was used to fixed dune;At the severe wind erosion region,according to the different erosion types and desertification degrees,the control techniques such as ＇front-block-behind-pull＇ and determinant sand barrier and so on were adopted.The control efficiency is very obviously.