银川市景观格局动态变化研究

Study on Dynamic Changes of Landscape Patterns in Yinchuan City

应用遥感和GIS技术对城市化过程中城市景观格局及其动态过程进行研究,可以更好地认识研究区的空间特征及其景观要素的演替。选取2001年和2005年的银川市CBERS图像,提取研究区两个时期的景观类型,并选取斑块面积、斑块数量、景观多样性指数、景观优势度指数、景观均匀度指数和景观破碎度指数等景观生态指标,对研究区的景观格局进行了分析。结果表明:在研究时段内景观斑块类型没有发生变化,景观多样性指数和均匀度指数增加,优势度指数和破碎度指数有所减小,研究区的景观类型分布更趋均衡化;建筑用地、耕地和林地面积增加,尤其建筑用地面积增加较快,水体和未利用土地的数量减少,水体的斑块数量减少较多。说明银川市在研究时段内各土地利用类型的比例和空间分布格局都有较大变化。

The spatial character and landscape feature succession could be studied better from the study of urban landscape pattern dynamics change based on RS and GIS.This paper applied the CBERS images of 2001 and 2005,the landscape types of two periods were picked.The landscape pattern was analyzed based on the index of the plot area and number,diversity,dominance,evenness and fragmentation.The results indicated that in the period the landscape type had not changed.The diversity and the evenness increased,and the dominance and the fragmentation decreased.The distribution of the landscape types was more equal.The plot area of building,plantation and forest increased,and the area of building increased greatly.The plot area of water and unused land decreased,and the number of water decreased greatly.It indicated that the proportion of all land use types and spatial pattern changed a lot during the period.