中国新兴企业自主创新陷阱突破路径分析

A way out for traps of independent innovation in Chinese new ventures

中国新兴企业自身的特点和所处的转型经济的特殊环境,使得自主创新很容易掉入两种陷阱——"失败陷阱"和"成功陷阱".组织学习理论认为这两种陷阱的根源在于割裂了探索式与利用式学习的互补关系.本文以系统动力学为基础,提出突破这两种陷阱的路径:一是通过知识存量、企业特定的不确定性和绩效差距动态结合探索式与利用式学习;二是系统地考虑中国新兴企业两种重要的资源—社会资本和公司企业家精神—对探索式与利用式学习的动态关系产生的影响.并且以两家典型新兴企业新产品开发项目为背景,利用Vensim_PLE Plus软件进行模拟分析,揭示了这条突破路径随时间发展而变化的轨迹,具有重要的理论和实践指导意义.

Two traps,namely,＂Failure trap＂ and ＂Success trap＂,often take place during the processes of independent innovation in Chinese new ventures owing to these new ventures＇ own characteristics as well as the special environment of transition economy.According to organizational learning theory,the fundamental source of these two traps lies in the separation of the complementary relationship between exploration and exploitation.Based on a system dynamics model,this paper suggests a way out for these two traps： first,dynamically linked exploration with exploitation through knowledge stock,firm-specific uncertainty,and performance gap;second,systematically take the influences of social network and corporate entrepreneurship,two important types of resources for Chinese new ventures,on the dynamic relationships between exploration and exploitation into accounts.Empirically,this paper,based on the new product development programs of two case companies,simulates the system dynamics processes of the way out by Vensim-PLE Plus.Finally,theoretical and practical implications are discussed.