组合式螺柄人工股骨头的研制及临床应用

Design and Clinical Application of the Combined Spiral Handle Artificial Femoral Head

针对人工髋关节置换术后假体松动、下沉发生率比较高的特点,作者研制一种新型的人工股骨头,试图减少术后并发症的发生。设计出一种组合式螺纹柄结构的人工股骨头由头颈部和螺柄部组成,假体柄呈圆锥型,表面有螺纹,能与髓腔充分接触以减少应力分布。柄部有2个骨槽,能防止假体柄旋转,头颈部和柄部通过头颈部的8个定位销子和柄部的8个定位孔相连,并用一枚螺丝固定。经生物力学试验,表明该人工关节满足强刚度要求,能形成牢固的生物学固定,松动、移位比较小,经10例手术证实,均无假体松动及下沉发生。作者认为该人工股骨头能减少松动、下沉的发生率,具有应用推广价值。

In accordance with the characteristics of the artificial femoral head becoming loose and sinking at a high rate af-ter the replacement of the artificial hip joints, this article has described a new artificial femoral head to reduce the occur-rence of complicatioas after operation. A kind of artificial femoral head of combined spiral handle structure has been de-signed . It is made up of two parts: the neck and the spiral handle. The arificial bone handle is a taper in shape and its sur-face is threaded, so it can keep a full contact with the marrow cavity to reduce the stress distribution.There are two slots at the bone handle, which can prevent the artificial bone from rotating.The neck and the handle are connected with each other by the eight retaining pins at the neck and the eight correspondent positioning holes at the handle are fastened with a screw. The biomechanics tests have shown that the artificial joint can meet the requirements for high siffness and can form a firm biology fixation.Furthermore, little looseness and displacement occurred and it is of high strength. It was used for ten operative cases and was proved having no obvious looseness and sinking. Authors consider that the artificial femoral head can reduce the occurrence rate of loose and sinking and it is valuable for both application and popularization.