基于Landsat TM/ETM+遥感数据的福州热环境研究

On the Simulation of Thermal Environment in Fuzhou by Retrieving Land Surface Temperature from Landsat TM/ETM+ Data

以福建省福州市为研究区,使用1994年5月12日Landsat TM、2002年3月7日LandsatETM+和2009年3月10日Landsat TM数据,采用普适性单通道算法对研究区进行地表温度反演算,反演得出福州地面温度的分布情况,并根据研究结果对福州市热环境空间分布格局及动态演变过程进行监测分析.研究结果表明:福州市存在明显的城市热岛现象,不同时相遥感数据反演得到的福州市地表温度的空间分布趋势基本一致;城区地表温度明显高于郊区,水体温度最低.1994年福州市热岛中心分布范围较小;1994—2002年间福州市高温区域明显增加,主要分布在城区建筑物比较密集的区域和裸地区域;2002—2009年间高温区增加得比较缓慢,同1994年和2002年相比,2009年城区范围内大面积高温区减少且分布比较破碎.

Land use and land cover change are a result of complex interaction between natural factors and human activity,and in the short term,social economic factors are important driving force.The present study is based on interpretation features in the RS images of Landsat TM data on the 12th May in 1994,Landsat ETM＋ data on the 7th March in 2002 and Landsat TM data on the 10th March in 2009,and by single-channel method land surface temperature of Fuzhou is calculated and the distribution of land surface temperature retrieved.Results showed that there is obvious heat island effect in Fuzhou.From 1994 to 2002,the area of high temperature in Fuzhou increased sharply,yet in the period during 2002 and 2009,the increase slowed down.Compared to the situation in 1994,the area with higher temperature that could be seen as heat island in 2002 became more fragmented.