范式革新抑或历史超越——评析哈贝马斯重建历史唯物主义的逻辑和旨趣

Innovation of Paradigm or Historical Transcendence:On the Logic and Purpose of Jürgen Habermas's Reconstruction of Historical Materialism

历史唯物主义是马克思主义理论体系的重要基石,是马克思在特定的历史条件下考察资本主义经济社会发展过程中对人类社会发展规律的探索性总结。20世纪前后,马克思主义在多元发展过程中受到了新的挑战;马克思之后的东西方马克思主义者以不同的视角在坚守和发展马克思思想或"正统"的马克思主义。哈贝马斯以交往行动理论为基石"重建"被僵化的历史唯物主义,为历史唯物主义注入了新的生命力,同时也面临着重建后的无奈和矛盾。从历史唯物主义的最终旨趣来看,历史唯物主义的基本原理是跨越时空的,哈贝马斯的理论建树更多的是对历史唯物主义的范式革新,而不是历史超越。

Historical materialism is an important cornerstone of Marxism and a exploratory summary to study on laws about human society development in specific historical conditions and process of capitalist economic and social development by Marx.There are multiple challenges to the development of Marxism,the western and eastern Marxists after Marx uphold and develop Marx＇s thoughts or ＂orthodox＂ Marxism with different perspective in the front and rear of the 20th century.Based on communication theory,Habermas＇s reconstruction of the ossified historical materialism has injected new vitality to materialism,while also faced some resignations and contradictions after that.It is more innovation of paradigm on historical materialism rather than historical transcendence,because the basic principle of historical materialism goes cross both space and time with a view from the ultimate objective of historical materialism.