文山会海的经济学分析——以外部效应为视角

An Economic Analysis of Excessive Paperwork and Meetings:from the Externality Perspective

外部效应(外部性)是指未在价格中得以反映的经济交易成本或收益。存在正外部性的行为往往过少,而存在负外部性的行为往往过多。引入经济学的外部效应理论有助于我们加深对文山会海现象的理解,并启发我们提出相应的解决思路。文山会海现象存在负外部性,并且这种负外部性极其隐蔽,协商谈判和规范约束是矫正其外部性的可行方法。

Externality refers to the economic cost or benefit that is not reflected in price. Actions with positive externality are usually in shortage, while those with negative externality are often excessive. With the aid of the externality theory, we can deepen our understanding of excessive paperwork and meetings and probably can find out some solutions. The author of this paper thinks that hidden negative externality exists in excessive paperwork and meetings, and that negotiation and norm restriction might be feasible solutions for this problem.