马鞍山市城乡居民艾滋病防治知识和需求调查

AIDS knowledge and needs analysis among urban and rural residents in Maanshan

目的：了解马鞍山市城市与农村居民艾滋病防治知识水平及需求，为针对城市和农村居民开展艾滋病防治宣传教育工作提供依据。方法：采取随机整群抽样的原则分别在市区及农村抽取15～49岁的居民各400人进行面对面问卷调查。结果：农村居民较城市居民对艾滋病防治知识的认知水平低，他们对艾滋病的非传播途径均存在认识误区，城市居民有45．4％的人和农村有56．9％认为蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病。对其它艾滋病相关知识认知不高。农村居民获取艾滋病防治知识的途径较为单一，而城市居民获取知识的渠道较多。结论：城市居民和农村居民对艾滋病防治知识的认知水平有待提高。应针对城市和农村居民的文化背景、需求状况，充分利用大众媒体的宣传作用，开发群众喜闻乐见的宣传材料，切实提高人群艾滋病防治知识。

Objective To explore the status of the AIDS recognition and needs among rural and urban residents in Maanshan and to provide the scientific evidence for conducting health education. Methods Four hundreds rural or urban residents aged from 15 to 49 years old respectively were face- to- face interviewed by random clustered sampling with the structured questionnaire. Results The recognition about AIDS in rural residents was poorer than that in urban residents. They had misunderstanding about AIDS nora--transmission route, 56.9~ of rural and 45. 40/{0 of urban residents believed that mosquito could transmit HIV by bite, the recognition about other AIDS knowledge was not good in rural and urban residents. The routes of acquiring AIDS information in rural residents were simpler than those in urban residents. The major route of acquiring AIDS information was TV in rural areas ,but the routes of acquiring information included TV,lecture,education material,newspaper and magazine in urban area. Conclusion The recognition about AIDS of urban and rural residents should be uplifted further. It is effective to take advantage of massive media and develop IEC （information,education and communication） material accepted by them to uplift recognition in fact and curb AIDS epidemic according to the different cultural background and needs of rural and urban residents.