公法视角下的中国国有土地产权制度

The Nationalization Land Ownership of China in the Perspective of Public Law

研究目的:从公法视角分析何为《宪法》中所谓的"城市"和"国家",揭开隐藏在中国国有土地所有权背后的面纱,并细致分析城市化与土地国有化错误捆绑带来的危害。研究方法:实证法,规范分析法。研究结果:《宪法》第10条第1款"城市土地属于国家所有"导致了中国城市化进程的扭曲。研究结论:废除"城市土地属于国家所有"的规定或者明确"城市建成区"即为《宪法》所规定的"城市",完善全国人大、国务院、国有资产管理委员会和国土资源管理部门在国有土地所有权"享有—行使—管理"中的关系。

The purposes of this paper are to （1） analyze the essential meanings of ＂city＂ and ＂state＂ in the Constitution of PRC from the viewpoint of public law; （2）reveal the essence of state-owned land property fight system and （3） detailedly analyze the negative effects of the inappropriate binding of urbanization with land nationalization in China. Methods employed are empirical study and normative analysis. The results indicate that Term 1, Article 10 of the Constitution of PRC, i.e., ＂Urban land is owned by the state＂ has caused the distortion of urbanization in China. The paper concludes that（ 1 ） the stipulation of ＂ Urban land is owned by the state＂ should be annulled otherwise the term of ＂city＂ in the Constitution should be clearly claimedas ＂urban built-up area＂; （2）the relationship of ＂owning-exerting-administrating＂ among the NPC, the state council, the SASAC and the ministry of land and resource of China should be clarified.