语言接触与汉语方言的变化

Reasons for Language Contact and Chinese Dialects Change

语言接触现象十分复杂,语言接触过程中的诸多因素都会对语言的变化产生影响,从而制约着语言变化的方式、程度和方向。影响语言接触的决定性因素有两方面,社会因素和结构因素。汉语方言变化有其内部结构原因,但真正推动其变化的是社会文化力量,它的发展变化,总是直接或间接地与社会文化因素密切相关。影响汉语方言接触的深度和广度的社会文化因素很多,以陕南方言作为语言接触的视点,归纳出制约或影响语言变化的社会因素。

The phenomenon of language contact is very complicated.Linguistic change is influenced by many factoes,which restrict it＇s mode degree and direction in the course of language contact.There are two decisive factors which affect language contact,namely social factors and structural factors.Chinese dialects changes have internal structural reasons,but it is social culture forces that really promote the change,because their changes always have a close relation with social culture factors directly or indirectly.There are many social culture factors which affect the depth and scope of chinese dialects contact;so we just take dialects of southern shaanxi as a visual angle,and sum up some social factors which restrict or affect linguistic change.