从两次法律互动看《中美新约》对中美关系的影响

The Sino-American New Treaty's Impact on the Sino-American Relations Based on Analysis of Two Legal Interactions

1943年签订的《中美新约》引发两次中美法律互动。第一次法律交流成效甚微,海尔密克的建议及倪征燠的赴美考察未能触及中国法制的根本问题。第二次法律合作无果而终,庞德的构想及杨兆龙的实践指明了中国法制的进步方向,却沦为宪政斗争的牺牲品。两次法律互动反映出治外法权终结后中美朝野的不同反应,体现了新约对于双边关系的进步性及局限性,揭示了20世纪40年代中后期中美关系名义平等而实质不平等的复杂性。

The Sino-American New Treaty of 1943 results in two Sino-American legal interactions.The first legal exchange attains little success,which results from disability of Helmick and Ni Zhengyu to answer deep problems of Chinese judiciary system.The second legal cooperation gets no opportunity to practice,Roscoe Pound＇s providence and Yang Zhaolong＇s practice are unavoidably sacrificed for political conflicts.Two Sino-American legal interactions reflects different official and public reactions of U.S and China,embodies active influence and limit on bilateral relations,and discovers complexity of namely equality and actual inequality of Sino-American relations during middle and latter period in 1940 s.