东营市麻疹疫苗使用的不同阶段对麻疹流行特征的影响性分析

Analysis of epidemic characteristics influenced by measles vaccine popularization and application

目的通过对麻疹疫苗不同阶段的使用了解,分析麻疹疫情流行病学规律,探讨麻疹疫苗的免疫策略,为消除麻疹工作提供决策依据。方法通过对东营市1951年以来麻疹病例的描述性流行病学分析,探讨不同免疫策略与麻疹流行规律变化的对应关系。结果使用疫苗前,东营地区麻疹法定传染病的报告发病率波动在208.64/10万~1 425.74/10万（平均621.82/10万）;麻疹疫苗推广使用阶段,麻疹发病率和病死率均大幅度下降,分别为91.70/10万~1 841.7/10万（平均501.32/10万）、14.53%~0.00%（平均为1.77%）。结论消除麻疹需要对免疫策略进行调整并及时进行加强免疫,同时将成年人的免疫接种应该纳入政府免疫规划。

Objective To understand the different stages of measles vaccine,analyze the epidemiology laws,discussion immunization strategies,and provide evidences for eliminating measles.Method Used descriptive epidemiology method to analyze measles cases of Dongying city since 1951,discussion corresponding relationship between different immunization strategies and epidemic regularity of measles.Results Before using measles vaccine,the reported incidence rate of legal infectious diseases in Dongying area was fluctuation at 208.64 to 1 425.74/10million（average was 621.82/10million）.After popularization and application measles vaccine,morbidity and mortality rate have markedly dropped,and they were during 91.70 to 1 841.7/10million（average was 501.32/10million） and 14.53% to 0.00%（average was 1.77%） respectively.Conclusions Eliminating measles need to adjust the immunization strategies and strengthen vaccination timely,at the same time,adult immunization should bring into government immunization programme.