东太平洋中国开辟区环境调查区的沉积物及其与环境关系

Sediments and their relationship with environment in the Pioneer Area of China in the East Pacific Ocean

以生态环境为主的环境基线调查， 是与深海采矿有关的研究内容之一， 它对保护海洋自然环境有着重要的意义， 而环境小区沉积物的分析研究是其中一个不可缺少的环节。通过对东太平洋中国开辟区内沉积物类型与碎屑成分特征的研究表明， 该区表层沉积物基本上是硅藻放射虫软泥， 个别站和层位是硅质粘土和深海粘土。碎屑物成分以放射虫壳体占绝对优势。它们以大洋生物源为主体，火山喷发源和陆源为次。沉积物组分构成特点同海洋环境密切相关。上述结果为地球化学、生物学和土力学等综合研究提供了基础资料， 并有助于了解开辟区本底环境的变化。

The survey of environment datum line with ecological environment in the lead is within the studies of deep\|sea mining. It is of great importance to the protection of the ocean natural environment, in which the study of sediments is indispensable. Study of the sediment type and its clastic composition shows that the surface sediments are mainly diatom\|radiolarian ooze, and siliceous clay and deep sea clay of one or two stations or layers. Radiolarian remains in the clastic sediments are absolutely predominant in quantity. They are mainly biogenic and very few from volcanic outbreak and land\|derived matter. The characteristics of the sediment composition are closely related to deposit environment. The above results provide basic information for symthetic research of chemistry, biology and geotechnics etc., and contribute to understanding the change of background environment.