岩石变形机制与流变学研究的近期发展──显微构造、变形机制与流变学国际会议简介

RECENT PROGRESS OF DEFORMATION MECHANISMS AND RHEOLOGY OF ROCKS: INTRODUCTION TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICR0STRUCTURES, DEFORMATION MECHANISMS AND RHEOLOGY

结合显微构造、变形机制与流变学国际会议重点讨论的有关岩石变形机制与流变学的几个主要方面，阐述了目前在该学科领域与研究方向上的研究现状与进展：地壳岩石脆—韧性转变变形机制，强调脆性变形机制与韧性变形机制之间的反应及由此引起的岩石强度降低；应变局部化机理与主要影响因素，应变局部化可以是由软化或硬化机制引起的，岩石中异向性的存在。变形作用过程中流体相的介入、剪切加热等因素对于应变局部化具有不同的影响；熔融作用与变形作用的关系，部分熔融岩石的流变学显著依赖于熔体相的体积分数、粘度与熔体构形；部分熔融作用与变形作用相互依存和影响；界面与表面效应影响着岩石的流变学特点与蠕变规律，研究界面效应的技术手段得到了长足进步。

Recent progress in several aspects in the study on the rheology and deformation mechanisms ofrocks are discussed,with reference to the international conference on Microstructures,Deformation Mecha-nism and Rheology. roFrom the extensive studies on the mechanisms of deformation of crustal rocks in thebrittle-ductile transition,it is shown that the interaction between the brittle and plastic mechanisms is veryimportant in the transition regime. The strength of rocks is reduced due to the interactlon. Strain local-ization can be resulted from both strain softening and strain hardening. The strain localization may be af-fected by the existence of early heterogeneity,the differential involvement of fluid phases during dcforma-tion,shear heating etc..Deformation and partial melting may have sound effects on each other. The rhe-ology of partially molten rocks is highly dependence on the volume,viscosity and structural configuration ofmelt. Interfaces and interface effect may affect the rheology and the creep laws of rocks. New methodshave been developed to define and study the micro-scale interfaces.