生活方式干预对妊娠糖尿病病人认知、血糖控制以及妊娠结局的影响

Effect of life style intervention on glycemia and pregnant results in gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:探讨生活方式干预对孕妇妊娠糖尿病认知水平、血糖控制的影响以及对妊娠结局的改善情况。方法:对185例妊娠糖尿病病人进行健康教育和生活方式干预(包括膳食管理和制订运动计划),观察病人的血糖控制及其妊娠结局的改善情况。结果:经过妊娠糖尿病健康教育和生活方式干预后,83.2%妊娠糖尿病病人血糖控制满意,16.8%病人需要胰岛素治疗。感染、产后出血、巨大儿、早产、新生儿窒息、胎儿生长发育迟缓和新生儿低血糖发生率与健康对照组无显著性差异。结论:健康教育和生活方式干预可有效地控制妊娠糖尿病病人的血糖水平,减少妊娠和围产儿并发症的发生率。

Objective： To study the life style intervention and healthy education on glycemia and pregnant results in gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）.Methods： 185 women with gestational diabetes mellitus,received treatment of healthy education and life style intervention including diet and activity.Their plasma glucose level and pregnant results were monitored and compared with 120 healthy pregnancies.Results： Life style intervention and health education increased the patients＇ compliance of treatment,and decreased the glycemia of GDM.No difference was found in morbidity of infection,premature labor,fetal macrosomia,neonatal asphyxia,intrauterine growth retardation,neonatal hypoglycemia between two groups.Conclusion： The life style intervention and health education may effectively decreased glycemia in gestational diabetes mellitus,and reduced the incidence of complications of pregnancy and perinatal infants.