黑洞吸积理论的新进展(II):含激波的吸积理论

The Progress in the Theory of Accretion onto a Black Hole(II):Shock-included Accretion Theory

着重评述了含激波吸积理论的发展历史和研究现状， 介绍了在伪牛顿势以及严格广义相对论框架下， 对等温和绝热两种不同的流体模型中可能发生的Ｒ－ Ｈ 激波、等温激波等各种不同激波的解析和数值模拟研究， 包括激波发生的参数空间、不同流体参数（ 比能量和比角动量） 下激波发生的位置、强度以及耗散的能量。这些研究结果表明， 在理想流体近似下， 黑洞吸积流中必定会产生激波。此外， 还介绍了含激波吸积理论在活动星系核方面的应用。对黑洞吸积理论简单讨论， 评述了含激波吸积理论与ＡＤＡＦ 吸积理论的关系， 着重评述了目前对于ＡＤＡＦ 中是否会发生激波这一存在很大争议的问题。

This paper mainly discusses the history and present status of the shock-included accretion theory. The analytical studies and numerical simulation works upon R-H and isothermal shocks possiably occured in adiabatic and isothermal accretion flows around a black hole in the frames of pseduo-Newtonian potential and general relativistic theory are introduced. They include the parameter space of shock formation, the locations and the strength of shocks and the energy dissipated in the shock. The results show that shocks must occur in non-viscous flows accreated by black holes. In addition, its applications on AGNs are introduced. The last section is a disccusion in which we describe the relation between ADAF theory and shock-included theory. We also comment upon the widely disputed question that whether shocks can occur in ADAF or not.