基于煤矿安全风险成因的国家应对体系研究

State Solution Planning for Coal Mine Safety Risk Based on Its Causation

基于煤矿安全的重要性,介绍了导致我国煤矿矿难的6大主要风险因素:社会经济发展阶段、煤矿安全生产相关立法情况、能耗结构、煤矿行业人员能力、煤矿技术设备先进程度和监管有效性水平。针对这6个要素,通过问卷调查、深度访谈、案例研究的方式,研究了国家应对煤矿安全风险的体系规划。结果表明:国家在应对煤矿安全风险方面,必须采取5方面的措施,包括制定抑制经济过快增长的宏观政策和鼓励新能源政策、加强立法、吸引煤炭高等院校人才和培训在职人员﹑投资煤炭新技术研究和增加设备投入以及完备有效监管途径。应对体系从宏观、中观和微观的角度提出国家、行业、企业防范煤矿安全风险所要采取的措施,构建了从上而下的提升途径。

Based on the importance of coal mine safety,six factors most related to coal mine safety were introduced,including society development phase,legislations,resource consumption structure,personnel,technology device and supervision.According to the six factors,governmental solution system planning for coal mine safety risk was studied by means of questionnaire investigation,face-to-face interview and case study.The results show that government should take measurements on five aspects,including： taking strategies of controlling the overheating development of economy and advocating new energy development,strengthening the legislations,training coal mine employees and attracting college graduates,investing new technology research,enlarging the input of equipment and perfecting the supervision approaches.This system planning,from macroscopic,middle,and microcosmic perspective,presents the measures that government,industry and companies should take to control coalmine safety risk,which eventually forms a full improvement approach from top to bottom.