乳化炸药高压热分解试验研究

Experimental Study on Thermal Decomposition of Emulsion Explosives under High Pressure

为分析压力在乳化炸药泵送事故中的影响,运用高压加速量热仪对乳化炸药、硝酸铵和含有10%水分的硝酸铵样品热分解特性进行研究。结果表明:压力对于乳化炸药,硝酸铵和含有10%水分硝酸铵样品的热分解有着显著的影响,压力条件下虽然起始分解温度基本没有变化,但是样品反应速率有了显著的升高,导致放热量增大。水分的存在阻碍硝酸铵的热分解,在乳化炸药配方中适当增加水份含量可以提高乳化炸药生产安全性。分析认为相比于温度,压力对于泵送事故的影响更为关键。

In order to study the effect of pressure on pumping accident of emulsion explosives,high pressure accelerating rate calorimetry was used to analyze the thermal decomposition characteristics of emulsion explosives,ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate with 10% water.The results show that pressure has a remarkable influence on the thermal decomposition of these samples.Under pressure,the initial decomposition temperature of samples keeps unchangeable,yet the reaction rate increases greatly,which causes a large release of heat.Water in the ammonium nitrate mixture hinders the thermal composition of ammonium nitrate at normal pressure or high-pressure condition.Therefore,appropriately increasing the content of water in emulsion explosives can increase the production safety of emulsion explosives.Compared with temperature,pressure is more significant in causing pumping accident of emulsion explosives.