试论公共行政发展的理性选择

On the Rational Choice for the Development of Public Administration

公共行政的发展历程中,以效率主义为核心的工具理性在行政学诞生之初就被确定为行政理论与实务追求的主要价值;工具理性指引下公共行政无法解决人类发展的方向性问题。因此,新公共行政学派,呼唤价值理性的回归,主张行政学应更多的关注公平、公正、民主等价值。新公共管理在总结了历史的经验,恰当的地处理了两种理性的关系。针对公共行政发展三阶段对两种理性的态度,以及未来公共行政发展应当如何处理两种理性的关系,文章中作了具体阐述。

During the development of public administration,instrument rationality with the efficiency doctrine as its core has been established as the main value of administrative theories and practices since the birth of administration.Under the guidance of instrument rationality,public administration fails to solve the problems related to the directions of human development.Therefore,New Public Administration calls for the return of value rationality and advocates that more attention should be paid to such values as equality,justice and democracy in administration.New Public Management draws lessons from the past history and deals with the relationship between instrument rationality and value rationality in an appropriate way.The paper attempts to make some analyses with regard to the attitudes that public administration adopted to instrument rationality and value rationality during its three developmental phases and the methods to properly handle the relationship between the two in the future development of public administration.