鄂尔多斯盆地中部石炭—二叠系沉积相带与砂体展布

Distribution of Sedimentary Facies Belts and Sandstone Bodies of Permo Carboniferous in the Central Part of Ordos Basin

鄂尔多斯盆地石炭—二叠系广泛发育潮坪、三角洲、湖泊沉积。中上石炭统本溪组和太原组以潮坪相为主，下二叠统山西组沉积初期以全盆地范围广布三角洲平原沉积为特征，山西组沉积后期到下石盒子组沉积期，南北差异特征明显，北部发育三角洲平原，南部发育三角洲前缘。上二叠统石盒子组和石千峰组发育湖泊沉积。三角洲平原分流河道和三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂体在盆地内最为发育，是该区的主体储集砂体。潮坪砂坝和三角洲前缘指状砂坝也是较有利的储集体。其纵向发育和横向展布是今后气田勘探的一个重要研究课题。

Tidal flat,delta and lake deposition of Permo Carboniferous are well developed in the Ordos basin with an evolution sequence changed gradually from marine to continental facies upwards.In Carboniferous,the transgression was caused by North China Sea and Qilian sea in which the former was of the largest range. The Lower part of Benxi Fm.is tidal flat facies with very large distribution range but the Sandbody in it is relatively small.The Upper part of Benxi Fm.is the mixed deposition of turbidity and fresh water in epicontinental sea,in which formed some small bars and the delta front only distributes in the northeast of the basin.Most of elongated sandbodies from well S201 of the north to well Q1 of the south extend along NNE.Transgression range of the early period of Taiyuan Fm.in late Carboniferous is larger than that of Benxi Fm. At that time,under the influence of weak tectonic movement,subdued sea floor,weak hydrodynamism and less sediment supply,the study area mainly developed tidal flat and delta deposits.During late period of Taiyuan Fm.,the basin mainly developed tidal flat except the northeastern part of the basin where the submerged distrbutary channel of delta front prevailed .In Permian,Qinling trough began to contract again,and all north China Platform uplifted resylting in the rapid regression of sea water from east and west part of the Drdos basin.The great change of the palaeotopography and palaeoclimate led to the much wider deposition range than that of the Carboniferous. Delta plain was widespreed in the basin in the early period of Shanxi Fm.of Lower Permian.In depositional area,water became shallow and wide and the thickness of the deposits became thin.As a result of the palaeotopography,the shape of delta composed of several stacked sandbodies showed digitated,implying the obvious differential subsidence and sedimentary types between the north and south of the study area.In the north,Delta plain was well developed,and the delta frout prevailed in the south where the submerged distributary channel from Jingbian to Ansai is the largest sandbody which is also the major reservior in the study area.In the period of Shihezi Fm.,the climate changed from warm humid to dry and hot resulting in the rapid decrease of the plant,and a set of continental clastic deposits were formed.Along with the continuous rising of the prevenance area,the paleocurrent direction was always to the south.Delta plain composed of distributary channel and flood plain was formed in the north Shihezi Fm.and digitate delta front developed in the south where riversf flowed into the lake.Widespread lacustrine mudstone formed in the Upper Shihezi Fm.and Shiqianfeng Fm. of Upper Permian became the best regional caprocks in the study area. In Permo Carboniferou,the distributary channel sanbodies of deltaplain and submerged distributary channel sandbodies of delta front are the best reservoirs,and the tidal flat sandbody and fingered sandbody of delta front are also favorable are for exploration.